How Do Solar Cells Generate Electricity

How Much Does One Solar Panel Produce Energy By media-cache-cd0.pinimg.com
Resolution: 400 x 266 · 24 kB · jpeg
Size: 400 x 266 · 24 kB · jpeg

In doing so, he has not just bet big on solar energy, a competitive and rapidly his company had not been subpoenaed and does not believe it was a target. New York did not set out to bet big on solar panels or SolarCity. Buffalo has been the centerpiece "We know that layering solar cells dramatically improves the overall efficiency of the cells, and we also know that concentrating sunlight can produce more electricity. So, we created a device that can essentially do both, in an economical and convenient But SolarCity has one thing it doesn’t want to be known for: For a huge solar-panel project industry closely to make sure it doesn’t throw human rights and labor ethics out the window in its push toward a clean energy economy. “We know that layering solar cells dramatically improves the overall efficiency of the cells, and we also know that concentrating sunlight can produce more electricity,” said a device that can essentially do both, in an economical and convenient Finally, many think that solar panel production is not carbon neutral and doesn't produce lasting jobs in the way that, say, a nuclear power plant installation does. They specifically delved into what's known as "payback": how many years of operation does it take for a solar panel to generate as much energy as was used in its manufacture? They found that depending on the technolgoy used, it takes between one and four .

So why don’t we use the one energy source that won’t run out – the sun? The sun is a magnificent entity. It provides the world with enough energy to power all of civilization. The only problem is how do we Unlike solar panels, heliostats don Solar cell research continues to increase their efficiency and produce more free energy per square The new transparent cell works by harvesting solar energy from infrared rather than visible light. It does this by utilizing a silver nanowire-metal If singlet fission can be controlled, it could enable solar in energy conversion efficiencies in solar cells,” said Dr Alex Chin from the University’s Cavendish Laboratory, one of the study’s co-authors. “But before we can do that, we need Back when it was an expensive, unproven technology, solar energy was driven by hippies in sandals rigging up off-the-grid systems. About a decade ago, change-the-world Silicon Valley types hoping to make gazillions of Altus Power America, a five .

Another Picture of how do solar cells generate electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

MIT scientist explains how to make solar cells out of grass clippings

Another Picture of how do solar cells generate electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG3



h3>Another Picture of how do solar cells generate electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG4



h3>Another Picture of how do solar cells generate electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG5



h3>Another Picture of how do solar cells generate electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG6





[gallery orderby="rand" size="medium" columns="4" link="post"]

Pv Electricity

China Solar Distributed Generation By media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com
Resolution: 450 x 276 · 14 kB · jpeg
Size: 450 x 276 · 14 kB · jpeg

With such drastic plunge in the price of solar power, an increasing number of businesses are opting to install PV solar panels – because it makes perfect sense in terms of costs and savings. New and old businesses alike are going solar in order to reap to furnish 27 percent of the campuses' power needs, according to school officials. Constellation, a division of Exelon Corp., retains ownership of the photovoltaic system and is selling the electricity to CCBC. College officials say they expect to save $4 The report examines 25 electricity generation technologies solar manufacturing plant design and progress in converters to enhance the performance of PV systems could bring the cost of ground-mounted PV systems down to $1 per Watt-peak (Wp and provides utility PV power plants. The company enables clean renewable electricity at affordable prices. First Solar was founded in 1999 and is headquartered in Tempe, Arizona. Currently, First Solar has a Zacks Rank #2 (Buy), but it is subject to Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (Dewa) has outlined easy steps to install photovoltaic systems in homes and buildings to generate solar power. This is part of Shams Dubai initiative, which Dewa has launched to install photovoltaic (PV) panels on Already, Australia has the highest levels of rooftop solar power (PV) in the world. But to date, solar power has suffered from one major drawback, namely that there is now way to store surplus electricity during daylight hours for use during the evening. .

In some cases, they’ll actually be generating more power than the homeowner needs, which can then be sold back to the utility companies. Although there are a couple of different solar-panel technologies, the fast-growing Photovoltaic (PV) industry First Solar is a leading global provider of comprehensive photovoltaic (PV) solar systems which use its advanced module and system technology. The company’s integrated power plant solutions deliver an economically attractive alternative to fossil Fitch expects stable generation levels for PV power projects due to relatively low output variability compared with wind power projects. "Factors driving the better-than-expected output for solar power projects include better-than-expected solar irradiance In the middle of October RWE has officially commissioned the largest photovoltaics plant in Hungary. The 16 MW plant is located about 2 km from the town of Visonta, northeast of Budapest. The station comprises 72,480 solar modules with a nominal capacity .

Another Picture of pv electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell

Another Picture of pv electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

Pin by Adelaide Real Estate on Free Energy Videos | Pinterest



h3>Another Picture of pv electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

PV panels generate more electricity than similarly sized land based



h3>Another Picture of pv electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

Asia-Pacific Region To Account For Half Of Global PV 2014 Demand



h3>Another Picture of pv electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

Solar Energy





[gallery orderby="rand" size="medium" columns="4" link="post"]

Solar To Electricity

Food Without Electricity | Food: Solar Dehydrator | Pinte By media-cache-ec0.pinimg.com
Resolution: 300 x 208 · 36 kB · jpeg
Size: 300 x 208 · 36 kB · jpeg

The World Solar Challenge rules and regulations were inspired by the original idea that a 1000 Watt car could complete the journey from Darwin to Adelaide in 50 hours. Ten percent of that energy projection is allotted to solar cars in the challenge NEW DELHI: India is likely to propose a special session on solar energy and issues related to technology transfer to developing nations during the UN climate change summit in Paris later this year. This was conveyed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi to Renewable energy technologies have made a clean sweep at Chile’s latest energy auction, with five global wind and solar companies awarded 20-year contracts to supply 1,200GWh to the Chilean electricity market from 2017. The five companies – including Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) Click to share on Google+ (Opens in new window) Share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) HANCOCK, Mass. (NEWS10) – If you live in Massachusetts, there’s SAN DIEGO — Ice Energy, a provider of distributed thermal energy storage solutions, has announced the launch of Solar + Ice, which bundles its Ice Bear thermal energy storage unit with rooftop solar PV to deliver a cost-effective solar-plus-storage solution. An interesting new player is set to enter the emerging home energy storage arena in the shape of the Enphase Home Energy Solution. Enphase is billed as the world’s first integrated system that allows home users to store, monitor and manage their rooftop .

NEW DELHI: Making a strong pitch to move on low-carbon growth path through the solar energy route, India on Thursday announced to launch an alliance of solar-rich countries in Paris on November 30 when the Prime Minister Narendra Modi would be there to Construction of a $140 million combined wind and solar energy facility in North Queensland is expected to begin within a year. Kennedy Energy Park will go ahead as a result of a 50/50 joint venture agreement between Canberra-based Windlab Limited and Japan Pedernales Electric Cooperative has announced plans to service loans of up to $20,000 for residential and commercial accountholders developing solar projects. The Johnson City-based co-op is also streamlining its interconnection application and offering IKEA, the world’s leading home furnishings retailer, today announced plans to install a solar energy system atop its Las Vegas store opening Summer 2016. Panel installation will begin this winter, with completion expected in spring for what will be the .

Another Picture of solar to electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

Solar Panels, Electric Energy, Solar Power, Diy, Wind Power, Solar

Another Picture of solar to electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

by Black Horse on Free Solar Panels, Save 40% Electricity | Pinte



h3>Another Picture of solar to electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

by Black Horse on Free Solar Panels, Save 40% Electricity | Pinte



h3>Another Picture of solar to electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

Public-Domain Images Relaxing On the Beach



h3>Another Picture of solar to electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

How to Make Electricity at Home





[gallery orderby="rand" size="medium" columns="4" link="post"]

How Does Solar Energy Create Electricity

Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation By media-cache-ec0.pinimg.com
Resolution: 403 x 403 · 96 kB · jpeg
Size: 403 x 403 · 96 kB · jpeg

Solar do make money off of the extra solar generation by only paying homeowners $.04 /kwh and are selling it back to customers at regular prices. Also, solar has helped the privately owned utilities in that they no longer need to build conventional There is something big happening in solar. This fact is becoming more evident every day. Regardless of one’s view on renewable energy overall and whether the mix saying that it was starting to produce prototype panels with a 22.5 percent efficiency Want to add solar panels to your boat, or wonder how to make the most of those you already have The first step is to work out your boat’s power requirements. All you have to do is add up all the energy in watt-hours used by each device on your Researchers from California’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the Center for Conservation Biology have released a new study suggesting that careful steps should be taken to ensure that new solar energy projects do not disrupt the natural s a well-known fact that renewable solar energy is an eco-friendly way to power your home, but does it generate as much green for your pocket as it does for the environment? Solar power can help you save money in many ways. Understanding the specific and that is in part where leasing companies make money. You are paying them for the ability to pay for solar energy on a monthly basis rather than pre-paying it for the next 20+ years. Also, because of the number of installations they do per year leasing .

For those of you who aren’t quite sure what solar panels do, today’s handy infographic explains how they work. Essentially, the sun hits the solar panel cells and produces electricity, or solar power. The most important part of the solar panels is the But how do solar panels work? Simply put, a solar panel works by allowing but all harness the power of sunlight to either create electricity or to heat water or air. “We want to help you look through your options, become a trusted resource and do what we can to meet your needs The co-op has partnered with the Texas Solar Energy Society to produce the annual Hill Country Solar Tour since 2008. How’s that for an answer to ‘how does the Sun produce energy?’ We have written many articles about solar energy for Universe Today. Here’s an article about solar energy, and here’s an article about harvesting solar power from space. If you’d .

Another Picture of how does solar energy create electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG2

Another Picture of how does solar energy create electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG3



h3>Another Picture of how does solar energy create electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG4



h3>Another Picture of how does solar energy create electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG5



h3>Another Picture of how does solar energy create electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG6





[gallery orderby="rand" size="medium" columns="4" link="post"]

Solar Energy Electricity

Solar Energy Projects for Kids Easy By media-cache-ec0.pinimg.com
Resolution: 236 x 304 · 14 kB · jpeg
Size: 236 x 304 · 14 kB · jpeg

Sena is among several Thai companies diversifying into solar energy, with the government aiming to raise solar power capacity to 6,000 MW by 2036 from 1,570 in 2014. The company has set up a new subsidiary, Sena Solar Energy, with registered capital of 500 energy projection is allotted to solar cars in the challenge: 5 kilowatt hours of stored energy per charge. After that, the Challenge hopes to encourage the development of the world’s most efficient electric vehicles technologies, pushing teams to PTI reported that India is likely to propose a special session on solar energy and issues related to technology transfer to developing nations during the UN climate change summit in Paris later this year..more The UK’s United Utilities is building a floating solar farm that will generate 2,700 megawatt-hours of electricity each year. Godley reservoir in Hyde, Greater Manchester, is the site of the 3MW installation that will see 12,000 solar panels on 30,000 You’d think that, with the abundant sunshine we get here in Mississippi, we’d be a natural for solar power. Although solar energy is much more prevalent in the Western and Southwestern U.S — where they get a lot more sunlight unimpeded by clouds Nashville-based Silicon Ranch started construction last month on the solar arrays along Colorado 257, east of Loveland and Fort Collins, with the electric co-op as its customer. PVREA, which distributes power to more than 38,000 customers in Larimer .

Originally published on Solar Love. PV solar power generation in Germany is already 5% higher in the first nine months of this year than all of last year. Germany’s PV systems generated 33,193 gigawatt hours of solar electricity through the end of Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway (NYSE:BRKB) is on the short list of potential buyers for projects in SunPower's (NASDAQ:SPWR) power-plant business, a report said. No. 2 U.S. solar panel maker SunPower's CEO Thomas Werner told Reuters in an interview on Global expansion of bioenergy possesses serious threats to biodiversity, whereas solar energy could have potential for power provision with limited impacts on biodiversity, say experts. Deployment of renewable energy is expanding all over the world. but is unique in that it includes its own solution to the intermittency problem that solar power faces. The power generated by the PV cells will be used solely to charge a 13 MW battery array capable of providing 52 MWh to customers of Kauai Island Utility .

Another Picture of solar energy electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

Solar Wind Water and Power

Another Picture of solar energy electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

Pros and cons of solar powered energy. .domestic-sola Solar



h3>Another Picture of solar energy electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

How Does Solar Power Work Off the Grid



h3>Another Picture of solar energy electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

KYOCERA Solar » Success Stories, au | Energy saving | Pinterest



h3>Another Picture of solar energy electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

energy inefficiency and win prizes like Solar backpacks, Seiko solar





[gallery orderby="rand" size="medium" columns="4" link="post"]

Photovoltaic Cells Generate Electricity From

Solar Powered Tent By media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com
Resolution: 450 x 300 · 27 kB · jpeg
Size: 450 x 300 · 27 kB · jpeg

Elon Musk’s energy company SolarCity used multi-million dollar state tax credits to fund prison labor for its solar panels. SolarCity is a top company in the U.S. renewable energy sector, raising questions about labor oversight in green technology. Researchers have developed a new transparent solar cell that is an advance toward giving windows in homes and other buildings the ability to generate electricity while still allowing people to see outside. UCLA researchers have developed a new transparent microscope image of a piece of mesh solar panel that was used to develop a new solar battery. The device combines the energy-capturing abilities of a solar cell with the energy-storing capabilities of a battery. A new kind of solar cell could store With all the news about solar power lately, I thought it would be useful to go back to how PV solar panels work. (For a comprehensive Silicon is mounted beneath non-reflective glass to produce photovoltaic (PV) panels that collect photons from the Washington: UCLA researchers have created a new transparent solar cell – a breakthrough towards giving windows in homes and other buildings the ability to generate electricity while still allowing people to see outside. The team described a new kind of Though the sun offers us a couple options for exploiting its energy -- light and heat -- we've always had to choose to use one at a time, because solar-energy technology This allowed the cell to use both light and heat to generate electricity, Melosh .

Slapping solar panels on your t we already heard about electricity-generating windows? Indeed we have: Last October, 3M announced it had developed a transparent film-like material that, during peak sunlight hours, could generate enough power from The potential energy for solar-powered devices with no space for a battery pack. In a quest for a smaller, more self-sustaining solar power source, a UW-Madison electrical engineer has proposed a design for solar panels that can simultaneously generate Researchers from a prominent California university have developed a new transparent solar cell that they say could be used to create windows which generate electricity. Writing in the journal ACS Nano, UCLA Materials Science and Engineering Professor Yang UCLA researchers have developed a new transparent solar cell that is an advance toward giving windows in homes and other buildings the ability to generate electricity while still allowing people to see outside. Their study appears in the journal ACS Nano. .

Another Picture of photovoltaic cells generate electricity from:

Using IMG shortcode

Solar Power Energy

Another Picture of photovoltaic cells generate electricity from:

Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG3



h3>Another Picture of photovoltaic cells generate electricity from:
Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG4



h3>Another Picture of photovoltaic cells generate electricity from:
Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG5



h3>Another Picture of photovoltaic cells generate electricity from:
Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG6





[gallery orderby="rand" size="medium" columns="4" link="post"]

How Do Solar Panels Generate Electricity

The GravityLight uses gravity, acting on a weighted bag, to generate By s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com
Resolution: 236 x 450 · 9 kB · jpeg
Size: 236 x 450 · 9 kB · jpeg

This makes the panels a lot more efficient, since this system is able to harvest more solar energy than just solar panels alone. This system is made up of flat heat pipes and PV cells, which can heat water and generate this system does in the tests In conventional solar cells sunlight can produce more electricity,” said Dr. Matteo Chiesa, Associate Professor of Mechanical and Materials Science Engineering at Masdar Institute. ” So, we created a device that can essentially do both, in an The new solar panels will provide over 50 percent of the energy the warehouse uses for cooling and daily operations. “As a company it is important that we continue to invest in our facilities not only to keep up with the latest technology but to do our The biggest donor yet to a solar solar power by 2022. Business Insider: China and Japan are Battling Over the Future of Electric Cars Asia's two auto powerhouses, Japan and China, are jostling for supremacy in how future electric cars should generate Halpern’s opinion on the situation in Israel is reality instead of wishful hopes for peace that, unfortunately, the Palestinian leaders do not want. It is time to hold people responsible for their actions. Thanks for publishing “Solar Power 101” (Oct “We are at the mercy of National Grid, but they are going to come and do the transformer upgrades, and as soon as that’s done, we’ll get permission to operate and turn it on,” said Greg Demarse of Apex Solar Power, the company contracted to bring .

But SolarCity has one thing it doesn’t want to be known for: For a huge solar-panel project launched in 2012 at two university campuses in Oregon, it relied on a contractor that used cheap prison labor to produce toward a clean energy economy. Conventional solar cells generate power by turning sunlight energy into a flow of electrons Taking their lead from nature, the team arranged the molecules the same way nature does: via genetic modification, specifically of a virus. It was an increase in solar power installations that contributed to Generating electricity from renewable sources doesn’t produce any harmful by-products, but burning coal does, “In fact, the fly ash emitted by a power plant—a by-product from Kuala Lumpur — The technology has the potential to see strong uptake in the military, civilian and industrial sectors, finds Frost & Sullivan Portable renewable energy systems are standalone devices powered by alternative energy such as solar and wind. .

Another Picture of how do solar panels generate electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

Solar Car Kit

Another Picture of how do solar panels generate electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG3



h3>Another Picture of how do solar panels generate electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG4



h3>Another Picture of how do solar panels generate electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG5



h3>Another Picture of how do solar panels generate electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

TITLE_IMG6





[gallery orderby="rand" size="medium" columns="4" link="post"]

Solar Panels Electricity

://netzeroguide.com/homemade-solar-panels.html Home made solar panels By s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com
Resolution: 200 x 150 · 9 kB · jpeg
Size: 200 x 150 · 9 kB · jpeg

Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway (NYSE:BRKB) is on the short list of potential buyers for projects in SunPower's (NASDAQ:SPWR) power-plant business, a report said. No. 2 U.S. solar panel maker SunPower's CEO Thomas Werner told Reuters in an interview on You’d think that, with the abundant sunshine we get here in Mississippi, we’d be a natural for solar power. Although solar energy is much more prevalent in the Western and Southwestern U.S — where they get a lot more sunlight unimpeded by clouds STAMFORD, CT. - Oct. 28, 2015 - Kingspan Energy, a Connecticut-based SunPower commercial partner, is showcasing a unique project that combines multiple energy efficiency upgrades with a high efficiency solar energy solution from SunPower to significantly Hawaii has frequently been cited as a laboratory for renewable energy and these days the same can be said for storage on the island state. Last month SolarCity announced plans for what it says is the first fully-disptachable solar-plus-storage project on There is something big happening in solar. This fact is becoming more evident every day. Regardless of one’s view on renewable energy overall and whether mankind will ever truly be able to stop using fossil fuels, it’s indisputable that solar power has Solar power developer Ecoplexus Inc. closed financing for a 25 MW solar photovoltaic project in Whitakers, NC. The project will be installed with about 150,000 Solar Frontier modules and will achieve commercial operation in late 2015. Its completion will .

Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) Click to share on Google+ (Opens in new window) Share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) HAMPDEN, Mass. (WWLP) – A new solar array was unveiled in the town The policy to encourage rooftop solar power panels is ready and will soon be placed before the Union Cabinet for consideration and approval, Power Minister Piyush Goyal said. "I have approved the rooftop solar panel policy. I will take it to the Cabinet US company First Solar has signed a 119MW power purchase agreement with Austin Energy for the AC East Pecos solar project in Texas. The deal will allow the municipally owned electricity provider to get low-cost solar power from the site. The East Pecos The Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Kumasi has installed solar power systems to wean itself from hydro supply. The first phase of the project, which is near completion at the Eye Centre, is being undertaken jointly by a US-based non-governmental .

Another Picture of solar panels electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

How Much Do You Save with Solar Panels

Another Picture of solar panels electricity:

Using IMG shortcode

Build Your Own Tesla Turbine Generator



h3>Another Picture of solar panels electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

solar panel? A plant. So making solar panels from plants seems like a



h3>Another Picture of solar panels electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

solar-panels.html Where to get free residential solar panels. Solar



h3>Another Picture of solar panels electricity:
Using IMG shortcode

Home Windmills for Electricity





[gallery orderby="rand" size="medium" columns="4" link="post"]

Electricity Energy

Light Sound Heat Energy Worksheets By media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com
Resolution: 263 x 350 · 27 kB · jpeg
Size: 263 x 350 · 27 kB · jpeg

“And that’s really what this project is all about.” The electric companies plan for the line to be constructed within existing rights-of-way. Jiottis said a new line would bring more power reliability and economic investment in New Hampshire — $82 Pick an electric car -- any electric car s now a believer and amazed “how quickly this technology caught on.”) Yet according to one J.D. Power and Associates survey, only 1 in 5 Americans are even interested in this technology, much less ready Local lawmakers, regulators, planners, businesses, utility managers and energy producers met this week to spread a message: Economic growth and environmental protection aren’t mutually exclusive goals in Utah. The state’s first Utah Air and Energy That’s when a Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) exportable power truck pulled up outside. Within minutes, the truck -- itself an electric vehicle -- had the lights back on, the wall outlets live and the refrigerators humming. The truck stayed on This thing is fast. But it’s not the speed that takes you by surprise, it’s how well electric power is integrated into the human cycling experience. Back in 2010, Specialized — one of the four biggest bicycle companies — embarked on a program to el Scientists have created a battery whose technology in principle could power electric cars and other energy-hungry devices far better than current lithium-ion batteries, but it remains years away from commercial use. Researchers at the University of .

Spend a few minutes to fill in a single-page form from a government website, and mail it in — that is all you need to register as a power producer in Japan as it opens its ¥8.1 trillion ($67 billion) retail electricity market. More than 750 applicants Based on this settlement, overall energy delivery rates would increase less than 4 percent beginning January 1, 2016. Specifically, the total monthly bill for a typical residential electric customer using about 700 kilowatt hours of electricity would The South Dakota Public Utilities Commission today voted to allow NorthWestern Energy to raise its electric rates by 15.5 percent, the first such increase since 1981. A typical residential customer using an average of 750 kilowatt-hours of energy each GREENFIELD — In the wake of a brutal winter that saw some serious sticker shock for residents opening their electric bills, Eversource Energy and National Grid, the county’s two large public utilities, are reporting far milder increases to their .

Another Picture of electricity energy:

Using IMG shortcode

Energy ball to teach electricity | I hypothesize | Pinterest

Another Picture of electricity energy:

Using IMG shortcode

Bonding Energy | Electricity Infographics | Pinterest



h3>Another Picture of electricity energy:
Using IMG shortcode

Solar Energy Battery Storage



h3>Another Picture of electricity energy:
Using IMG shortcode

Gravity Energy Generator



h3>Another Picture of electricity energy:
Using IMG shortcode

ERCOT works toward energy conservation. This summer, the Electric





[gallery orderby="rand" size="medium" columns="4" link="post"]